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Leviticus 16:1-22

Entering the Most Holy Place

1Now the LORD spoke to Moses after the death of two of Aaron’s sons when they approached the presence of the LORD.

2And the LORD said to Moses: “Tell your brother Aaron not to enter freely into the Most Holy Place behind the veil in front of the mercy seat on the ark, or else he will die, because I appear in the cloud above the mercy seat.

3This is how Aaron is to enter the Holy Place: with a young bull for a sin offering and a ram for a burnt offering.

4He is to wear the sacred linen tunic, with linen undergarments. He must tie a linen sash around him and put on the linen turban. These are holy garments, and he must bathe himself with water before he wears them.

5And he shall take from the congregation of Israel two male goats for a sin offering and one ram for a burnt offering.

6Aaron is to present the bull for his sin offering and make atonement for himself and his household.

7Then he shall take the two goats and present them before the LORD at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting.

8After Aaron casts lots for the two goats, one for the LORD and the other for the scapegoat,

9he shall present the goat chosen by lot for the LORD and sacrifice it as a sin offering.

10But the goat chosen by lot as the scapegoat shall be presented alive before the LORD to make atonement by sending it into the wilderness as the scapegoat.

11When Aaron presents the bull for his sin offering and makes atonement for himself and his household, he is to slaughter the bull for his own sin offering.

12Then he must take a censer full of burning coals from the altar before the LORD, and two handfuls of finely ground fragrant incense, and take them inside the veil.

13He is to put the incense on the fire before the LORD, and the cloud of incense will cover the mercy seat above the Testimony, so that he will not die.

14And he is to take some of the bull’s blood and sprinkle it with his finger on the east side of the mercy seat; then he shall sprinkle some of it with his finger seven times before the mercy seat.

15Aaron shall then slaughter the goat for the sin offering for the people and bring its blood behind the veil, and with its blood he must do as he did with the bull’s blood: He is to sprinkle it against the mercy seat and in front of it.

16So he shall make atonement for the Most Holy Place because of the impurities and rebellious acts of the Israelites in regard to all their sins. He is to do the same for the Tent of Meeting which abides among them in the midst of their impurities.

17No one may be in the Tent of Meeting from the time Aaron goes in to make atonement in the Most Holy Place until he leaves, after he has made atonement for himself, his household, and the whole assembly of Israel.

18Then he shall go out to the altar that is before the LORD and make atonement for it. He is to take some of the bull’s blood and some of the goat’s blood and put it on all the horns of the altar.

19He is to sprinkle some of the blood on it with his finger seven times to cleanse it and consecrate it from the uncleanness of the Israelites.

20When Aaron has finished purifying the Most Holy Place, the Tent of Meeting, and the altar, he is to bring forward the live goat.

21Then he is to lay both hands on the head of the live goat and confess over it all the iniquities and rebellious acts of the Israelites in regard to all their sins. He is to put them on the goat’s head and send it away into the wilderness by the hand of a man appointed for the task.

22The goat will carry on itself all their iniquities into a solitary place, and the man will release it into the wilderness.

Berean Standard Bible

After the death of Aaron's sons, the LORD tells Moses that Aaron must not enter the Most Holy Place whenever he chooses. He may enter only at the appointed time, with a young bull for a sin offering, a ram for a burnt offering, linen garments, and a bath.

Aaron takes two male goats for a sin offering and a ram for a burnt offering from the Israelites. Lots are cast over the goats: one is for the LORD, and the other is for Azazel. The ritual begins with sacrifice for Aaron and his household before the people can be addressed.

Aaron enters behind the veil with incense and blood. He sprinkles blood on the mercy seat and before it, making atonement for the uncleanness and rebellion of the Israelites. No one else is in the Tent while he makes atonement in the Most Holy Place.

He then places both hands on the live goat and confesses over it all the iniquities and rebellion of Israel. The goat carries their sins into the wilderness. Aaron removes his garments, bathes, and offers the burnt offerings for himself and the people.

How We Know

Azazel is not explained in a way that lets us be dogmatic about every detail. The clear function of the live goat is stated in the passage: Israel's confessed sins are placed on it and it is sent away into the wilderness. The ritual belongs to Israel's annual covenant worship and should not be treated as a modern ceremony to reproduce.

Questions

1 When could Aaron enter the Most Holy Place?

AnswerAaron could enter only at the appointed time, following the instructions given after his sons' death.

2 What did Aaron bring for himself?

AnswerAaron brought a young bull for a sin offering and a ram for a burnt offering.

3 What happened to the two goats?

AnswerOne goat was for the LORD, and the other carried Israel's confessed sins into the wilderness.

4 What did Aaron confess over the live goat?

AnswerHe confessed Israel's iniquities, rebellion, and sins before sending the goat away.

What This Means for Us

The Day of Atonement begins with limits. Even Israel's high priest cannot treat God's presence as ordinary or approach without cleansing, sacrifice, and obedience.

The Day of Atonement points beyond repeated animal blood to the greater High Priest and sacrifice. Hebrews 9:6-14 and 10:19-22 present Christ as the one who opens access to God by His own blood, so confession rests on a finished work rather than ceremony alone.

Prayer

Holy God, keep us from casual presumption in your presence. Help us confess personal and shared sin honestly, receive your mercy with gratitude, and live as people who have been cleansed. Amen.